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Jaw surgery, medically termed orthognathic surgery, addresses irregularities in the jaw bones to realign them and enhance the function of jaws and teeth. Beyond functional improvements, this surgical intervention can also enhance facial aesthetics.
This procedure becomes an option when orthodontic treatments alone cannot resolve jaw issues. Typically, patients undergo orthodontic treatment with braces both before and after surgery to aid in healing and alignment. Collaboratively, orthodontists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons devise treatment plans tailored to individual needs.
Jaw surgery is usually recommended after the cessation of growth, which generally occurs around ages 14 to 16 for females and 17 to 21 for males.
Why it's done
- Improve chewing functionality and ease biting.
- Address swallowing or speech difficulties.
- Prevent excessive tooth wear and deterioration.
- Correct bite fit issues, such as open bite where molars touch but front teeth don't.
- Rectify facial asymmetry, including underbites, overbites, and crossbites.
- Enhance lip closure comfort.
- Alleviate pain associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder and other jaw conditions.
- Treat facial injuries or congenital defects.
- Provide relief for obstructive sleep apnea.
Risks
While generally safe in the hands of experienced surgeons, jaw surgery carries potential risks, including:
- Blood loss
- Infection
- Nerve damage
- Jaw fracture
- Reverting of the jaw to its original position
- Bite fit problems and jaw joint pain
- Need for additional surgery or root canal therapy
- Partial jaw loss
Post-surgery, patients may experience:
- Pain and swelling
- Temporary eating difficulties, often managed with nutritional supplements or dietary adjustments
- Adjustment period to a changed facial appearance
During the procedure
Typically conducted intraorally to avoid visible facial scarring, jaw surgery may occasionally require small external incisions.
The surgeon carefully cuts and repositions the jawbones to correct alignment. Tiny bone plates, screws, wires, and rubber bands may secure the bones in their new positions. Over time, these materials integrate into the bone structure.
In some cases, bone grafts from the hip, leg, or rib may be necessary to augment the jaw. Alternatively, existing bone may be reshaped to improve fit.
Post-surgery instructions usually cover:
- Dietary guidelines
- Oral hygiene practices
- Tobacco avoidance
- Rest and limited physical activity
- Pain management medications
- Return-to-normal routines, typically within one to three weeks
Initial healing takes approximately six weeks, with complete recovery spanning up to 12 weeks.
Orthodontic treatment resumes around six weeks post-surgery to align teeth. The entire process, including surgery and braces, may extend over several years. Retainers may be used post-braces removal to maintain tooth positioning.
Results
Jaw surgery yields:
- Harmonized lower facial appearance
- Enhanced tooth function
- Improved sleep, breathing, chewing, and swallowing
- Amelioration of speech impairments
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FAQ's
In order to prevent dental problems, your child should see a pediatric dentist when the first tooth appears, or no later than his/her first birthday.
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At Dentitia we choose laser dentistry because it offers some pretty unique and amazing advantages over more traditional approaches. After all, our goal is to provide our patients with a comfort treatment each and every time. Here are some of the benefits of laser dentistry:
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